INITIAL SURVEY OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN PADDY SOIL AND RICE PLANTS (Oryza sativa L.) NEAR AND FAR FROM OPEN LANDFILL IN SOUTHERN VIET NAM
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Published:
May 14, 2020
Keywords:
bioaccumulation, contamination, heavy metals, landfill, leachate, paddy soil, paddy rice
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Abstract
The concentrations of heavy metals in soil and rice plants around the landfill area in Dong Thang commune, Co Do District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam needed to be assessed for environmental pollution. Soil samples were collected from four sites (three sites S1, S2, S3 near and one site S4 far away from the landfill area) at soil depths of 0 to 25 and 25 to 50 cm. The rice and soil samples were simultaneously collected at the same locations for analysis of heavy metals. The heavy metals Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Six heavy metals including Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Pb were detected and ranged from 12.3 to 291.0 mg/L for the top soil and 11.2 to 370.0 mg/L for 25 to 50 cm soil layer. However, concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Pb in soil tended to decrease while Mn, Zn and Cr tended to increase with an increase of soil depth near the landfill. A similar tendency of heavy metal concentration with depth was found at S4 except for Cu. The decreasing order of the selected heavy metals concentrations in the two soil layers at near the landfill was Mn>Zn>Ni>Cr>Cu>Pb and these concentrations of heavy metals were within the limits of QCVN 03-MT: 2015/BTNMT and Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME, 2007). The result of the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) in rice plants showed that the selected heavy metals were accumulated more in the root rather than the stem-leaf and grain. Mn was accumulated dominantly in both root and stemleaf, while Zn, Cu, and Pb only accumulated in the root. Thus, result of this study suggests that is essential to collect and treat the heavy metals in the leachate properly to minimize the distribution of heavy metals to the paddy soil environment.
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1.
Nguyen G. INITIAL SURVEY OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN PADDY SOIL AND RICE PLANTS (Oryza sativa L.) NEAR AND FAR FROM OPEN LANDFILL IN SOUTHERN VIET NAM. journal [Internet]. 14May2020 [cited 26Apr.2024];10(38):48-9. Available from: https://journal.tvu.edu.vn/index.php/journal/article/view/554
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References
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[34] Hart J., Fletcher R., Landgren C., Horneck D., Webster S., Bondi M. Christmas Tree Nutrient Management Guide for Western Oregon and Washington, EM 8856-E, Oregon State University Extension; 2004.
[35] Ba L.H. Fundamental on Environmental Toxicology, third edition. Ho Chi Minh City: Ho Chi Minh City National University Press; 2008, 639 pages.
[36] Hao L.T.M., Luong B.B., An B.H. Micro element contents in paddy rice soils in Red river and Mekong river delta. Viet Nam Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2016; 1(9):1-10.
[37] Tasrina R.C., Rowshon A., Mustafizur A.M.R., Rafiqul I., Ali M. P. Heavy metals contamination in vegetables and its growing soil. Journal of Environmental Analytical. Chemistry. 2015;2(3):1-6.
[38] Addis W., Abebaw A. Determination of heavy metal concentration in soils used for cultivation of Allium sativum L. (garlic) in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Journal Cogent Chemistry. 2017;3(1):1-12.
[39] Kananke T., Wansapala J., Gunaratne A. Heavy Metal Contamination in Green Leafy Vegetables Collected from Selected Market Sites of Piliyandala Area, Colombo District, Sri Lanka. American Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2014;2(5):139–144.
[40] Adnan S.N.S.B.M., Yusoff S., Piaw C.Y. Soil chemistry and pollution study of a closed landfill site at Ampar Tenang, Selangor, Malaysia. Waste Management & Research. 2013;31(6):599–612.
[41] Kacholi D.S., Sahu M. Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil, Water and Vegetables of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Chemistry; 2018, 9 pages.
[42] Soon Y.K., Bates T.E. Chemical pools of cadmium, nickel and zinc in polluted soil and some preliminary indications of their availability to plants. Journal of Soil Science. 1981; 33:477–488.
[43] Olajire A.A., Ayodele E.T. Heavy metal analysis of solid municipal wastes in the western part of Nigeria. Water Air Soil Pollution. 1998;103:219–228.
[44] Opaluwa O. D., Aremu M. O., Ogbo L. O., Abiola K. A., Odiba I. E., Abubakar M. M., Nweze N.O. Heavy metal concentrations in soils, plant leaves and crops grown around dump sites in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Applied Science Research.
2012;3(2):780-784.
[45] Ba L.H. Studying and developing a number of indicators of heavy metal toxicity (Pb, Cd, As, Hg) in the soil environment for agricultural crops (Rice, Vegetables). Institute of Environmental Technology and Management - Ho Chi Minh City University of
Industry; 2018.
[46] Yousefi N., Meserghani M., Bahrami H., Mahvi A.H. Assessment of Human Health Risk for Heavy Metals in Imported Rice and its Daily Intake in Iran. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology. 2016;10(1):75-81.
[47] World Health Organisation. Joint FAO/WHO expert standards program codex alimentation commission. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2004.
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[49] Fu J., Zhou Q., Liu J., Liu W., Wang T., Zhang Q., Jiang G. High levels of heavy metals in rice (Oryza sativa L.) from a typical E-waste recycling area in Southeast China and its potential risk to human health. Chemosphere. 2008;71:1269-1275.
[50] Tchounwou P.B., Yedjou C.G., Patlolla A.K., Sutton D.J. Heavy metals toxicity and the environment. In: Molecular, clinical and environmental toxicology Vol. 3: Environmental toxicology (Ed: Luch A). Vol. 101 of the series Experientia Supplementum. Springer
Basel. 2012, 133-164.
[51] Aschale M., Yilma Sileshi Y., KellyQuinn M. Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements via consumption of vegetables irrigated with polluted river water in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Environmental Systems Research; 2019, 8, 29 pages.
[52] Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China (MHPRC). Maximum levels of contaminants in foods (GB2762–2005). Beijing: MHPRC; 2005.
[53] Prechthai T., Parkpian P., Visvanathan C. Assessment of heavy metal contamination and its mobilization from municipal solid waste open dumping site. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2008;156(1-3):86-94.
[54] Singh J., Upadhyay S.K., Pathak R.K., Gupta P.V. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and paddy crop (Oryza sativa), irrigated with water of Ramgarh lake, Gorakhpur, UP, India. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. 2011;93(3):462-73.
[55] Opaluwa O.D., Umar M.A. Level of heavy metals in vegetables grown on irrigated farmland. Bulletin of pure and applied sciences. 2010;29(1):39-55.
[2] People’s Committee of Can Tho City. Report on state of environment in Can Tho City in the period of 2011 – 2015; 2015.
[3] Hoang N.X., Viet N.H. Solid waste management in Mekong Delta. J. Viet. Env. 2011;1(1): 29-35.
[4] Ha H.N. Heavy metal pollution from landfill site to soil environment: Kieu Ky - Gia Lam - Hanoi landfill. Hanoi National University Journal of Science: Earth and Environment Sciences. 2018;2:86-94.
[5] Fatta D., Papadopoulos A., Loizidou M. A study on the landfill leachate and its impact on the groundwater quality of the greater area. Environ Geochem Health. 1999;21(2):175-190.
[6] Department of Technical Infrastructure - Ministry of Construction. Finnish - Vietnamese cooperation forum on water supply, drainage and solid waste treatment. Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; 2016.
[7] Nhien H.T.H., Giao N.T. Environmental Soil, Water, and Sediment Quality of Dong Thang Landfill in Can Tho City, Viet Nam. Applied Environmental Research. 2019;41(2):73-83.
[8] Ha H.N. Heavy metal pollution from landfill to land environment: Kieu Ky - Gia Lam - Hanoi landfill. Journal of Science Hanoi National University: Earth and Environment Sciences. 2018;2:86-94.
[9] Alam S.S., Osman K.T., Kibria G. Heavy metal pollution of soil from industrial and municipal wastes in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2012;58(12):1427-38.
[10] Nava-Martinez E.C., Flores-Garcia E., EspinozaGomez H., Wakida F.T. Heavy metals pollution in the soil of an irregular urban settlement built on a former dumpsite in the city of Tijuana, Mexico. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2012;66(4):1239-1245.
[11] Ajah K.C., Ademiluyi J., Nnaji C.C. Spatiality, seasonality and ecological risks of heavy metals in the vicinity of a degenerate municipal central dumpsite in Enugu, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering. 2015;13:1-14.
[12] Kingsawat R., Roachanakanan R. Accumulation and distribution of some heavy metals in water, soil and rice fields along the Pradu and Phi Lok canals, Samut Songkhram province, Thailand. Environment and Natural Resources. 2011;9(1):38-48.
[13] Liu J., Li K., Xu J., Zhang Z., Ma T. Lead toxicity, uptake and translocation in different rice cultivars. Plant Science. 2003;165:793-802.
[14] Munees A., Abdul M. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by Zn resistant bacteria isolated from agricultural soils irrigated with waste water. Bacteriology Journal. 2012;2(1):12-21.
[15] Klinsawathom T., Songsakunrungrueng B., Pattanamahakul P. Heavy Metal Concentration and Risk Assessment of Soil and Rice in and around an Open Dumpsite in Thailand. EnvironmentAsia. 2017;10(2):53-64.
[16] Purves D. Trace-element contamination of the environment. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1985, 235 pages.
[17] Satachon P., Keawmoon S., Rengsungnoen P., Thummajitsakul S., Silprasit K. Source and Health Risk Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in NonCertified Organic Rice Farming at Nakhon Nayok Province, Thailand. Applied Environmental Research. 2019;41(3):96-106.
[18] Loi L.T., Pham Thanh Vu P.T., Thao N.V. Land situation and proposing solutions for using agricultural land in Phong Dien District, Can Tho City. Science Journal of Can Tho University. 2012;22:40-48.
[19] Kanmani S., Gandhimathi R. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil due to leachate migration from an open dumpingsite. Applied Water Science. 2013;3(1):193–205.
[20] Nga B.T., Vy N.T.T. Situation of daily-life solid waste management in Binh Thuy District, Can Tho City Science Journal of Can Tho University. 2014;48:8-14.
[21] Amos-Tautua Bamidele Martin W., Onigbinde Adebayo O., Ere Diepreye. Assessment of some heavy metals and physicochemical properties in surface soils of municipal open waste dumpsite in Yenagoa, Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2014;8(1):41-47.
[22] Huang Z., Pan X.D., Wu P.G., Han J.L., Chen Q.Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice to the Population in Zhejiang, China. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e75007.
[23] Hang X., Wang H., Zhou J., Ma C., Du C., Chen X. Risk assessment of potentially toxic element pollution in soil and rice (Oryza sativa) in a typical area of the Yangtze River delta. Environmental Pollution. 2009;157(8-9):2542-2549.
[24] Ferreira-Baptista L., de Miguel E. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola:a tropical urban environment. Atmospheric Environment. 2005;39(25): 4501-4512.
[25] Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. QCVN 03-MT: 2015/BTNMT National technical regulation on the allowable limits of heavy metals in the soil; 2015.
[26] Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. Soil quality guidelines for the protection of environmental and human health. CCME; 2007.
[27] Ministry of Health. QCVN 8-2: 2011/BYT national technical regulation on heavy metal limits in food;2011.
[28] Joint FAO/WHO expert committee on food additives. Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants: Sixty-First Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. World Health Organization; 2004.
[29] Pongpom A., Bhaktikul K., Wisawapipat W., Teartisup P. Spatial distribution of potentially toxic trace elements of agricultural soils in the lower central plain of Thailand after the 2011 flood. Environment and Natural Resources Journal. 2014;12(1):68-79.
[30] Pendias A.K., Pendias H. Elements of Group VIII. In Trace Elements in Soils and Plants. CRC Press: Boca Raton. 1992:271–276.
[31] Ewers U. Standards Guidelines and Legislative Regulations Concerning Metals and Their Compounds. In Metals and Their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence: Merian E., Ed., Analysis and Biological Relevance, VCH: Weinheim. 1991:458–468.
[32] Cuong D.C. Assessing the risk of heavy metals in rice in some agricultural areas of Da Nang and Quang Nam. Summary report on science and technology topics. University of Danang; 2014.
[33] Mohammadpour G.A., Karbassi A.R., Baghvand A. Origin and spatial distribution of metals in agricultural soils. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management. 2016;2(2):145-156.
[34] Hart J., Fletcher R., Landgren C., Horneck D., Webster S., Bondi M. Christmas Tree Nutrient Management Guide for Western Oregon and Washington, EM 8856-E, Oregon State University Extension; 2004.
[35] Ba L.H. Fundamental on Environmental Toxicology, third edition. Ho Chi Minh City: Ho Chi Minh City National University Press; 2008, 639 pages.
[36] Hao L.T.M., Luong B.B., An B.H. Micro element contents in paddy rice soils in Red river and Mekong river delta. Viet Nam Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2016; 1(9):1-10.
[37] Tasrina R.C., Rowshon A., Mustafizur A.M.R., Rafiqul I., Ali M. P. Heavy metals contamination in vegetables and its growing soil. Journal of Environmental Analytical. Chemistry. 2015;2(3):1-6.
[38] Addis W., Abebaw A. Determination of heavy metal concentration in soils used for cultivation of Allium sativum L. (garlic) in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Journal Cogent Chemistry. 2017;3(1):1-12.
[39] Kananke T., Wansapala J., Gunaratne A. Heavy Metal Contamination in Green Leafy Vegetables Collected from Selected Market Sites of Piliyandala Area, Colombo District, Sri Lanka. American Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2014;2(5):139–144.
[40] Adnan S.N.S.B.M., Yusoff S., Piaw C.Y. Soil chemistry and pollution study of a closed landfill site at Ampar Tenang, Selangor, Malaysia. Waste Management & Research. 2013;31(6):599–612.
[41] Kacholi D.S., Sahu M. Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil, Water and Vegetables of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Chemistry; 2018, 9 pages.
[42] Soon Y.K., Bates T.E. Chemical pools of cadmium, nickel and zinc in polluted soil and some preliminary indications of their availability to plants. Journal of Soil Science. 1981; 33:477–488.
[43] Olajire A.A., Ayodele E.T. Heavy metal analysis of solid municipal wastes in the western part of Nigeria. Water Air Soil Pollution. 1998;103:219–228.
[44] Opaluwa O. D., Aremu M. O., Ogbo L. O., Abiola K. A., Odiba I. E., Abubakar M. M., Nweze N.O. Heavy metal concentrations in soils, plant leaves and crops grown around dump sites in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Applied Science Research.
2012;3(2):780-784.
[45] Ba L.H. Studying and developing a number of indicators of heavy metal toxicity (Pb, Cd, As, Hg) in the soil environment for agricultural crops (Rice, Vegetables). Institute of Environmental Technology and Management - Ho Chi Minh City University of
Industry; 2018.
[46] Yousefi N., Meserghani M., Bahrami H., Mahvi A.H. Assessment of Human Health Risk for Heavy Metals in Imported Rice and its Daily Intake in Iran. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology. 2016;10(1):75-81.
[47] World Health Organisation. Joint FAO/WHO expert standards program codex alimentation commission. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2004.
[48] Lin H.T., Wong S.S., Li G.C. Heavy metal content of rice and Shellfish in Taiwan. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. 2004;12:167-174.
[49] Fu J., Zhou Q., Liu J., Liu W., Wang T., Zhang Q., Jiang G. High levels of heavy metals in rice (Oryza sativa L.) from a typical E-waste recycling area in Southeast China and its potential risk to human health. Chemosphere. 2008;71:1269-1275.
[50] Tchounwou P.B., Yedjou C.G., Patlolla A.K., Sutton D.J. Heavy metals toxicity and the environment. In: Molecular, clinical and environmental toxicology Vol. 3: Environmental toxicology (Ed: Luch A). Vol. 101 of the series Experientia Supplementum. Springer
Basel. 2012, 133-164.
[51] Aschale M., Yilma Sileshi Y., KellyQuinn M. Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements via consumption of vegetables irrigated with polluted river water in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Environmental Systems Research; 2019, 8, 29 pages.
[52] Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China (MHPRC). Maximum levels of contaminants in foods (GB2762–2005). Beijing: MHPRC; 2005.
[53] Prechthai T., Parkpian P., Visvanathan C. Assessment of heavy metal contamination and its mobilization from municipal solid waste open dumping site. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2008;156(1-3):86-94.
[54] Singh J., Upadhyay S.K., Pathak R.K., Gupta P.V. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and paddy crop (Oryza sativa), irrigated with water of Ramgarh lake, Gorakhpur, UP, India. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. 2011;93(3):462-73.
[55] Opaluwa O.D., Umar M.A. Level of heavy metals in vegetables grown on irrigated farmland. Bulletin of pure and applied sciences. 2010;29(1):39-55.