EVALUATING SURFACE WATER QUALITY AND TESTING FREQUENCY IN TIEN AND HAU RIVERS, AN GIANG PROVINCE, USING 10-YEAR MONITORING DATA
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Published:
Mar 25, 2020
Keywords:
An Giang Province, cluster analysis, coliforms, pollution, Tien and Hau rivers, water quality
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the variation of surface water quality and evaluate the monitoring frequency at three
continuous monitoring stations on the Tien river (MT1 station) and Hau river (MH1 and MH2 station) over a 10-year period (2009-2018), with a monitoring frequency of 12 times per year (monthly). The water quality variables comprised of temperature (oC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), total suspended solids (TSS, mg/L), nitrate (N-NO- 3 , mg/L), orthophosphate (P-PO3 4- mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L), and coliforms (MPN/100 mL). The individual water quality parameters were assessed by comparison with National Technical Regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT). Monitoring frequency was evaluated
using Cluster Analysis (CA). The findings revealed that surface water on both Tien and Hau rivers was perpetually polluted with suspended solids, organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms. The CA identified that the frequencies of current water monitoring could be reduced from 12 times to 5 times per year, resulting in a 58% reduction in monitoring costs. Future study should focus on evaluating water quality parameters to
encompass all water quality characteristics in the Tien and Hau rivers. International collaboration with countries that impact the river before flowing into Vietnam in water management should be enhanced to solve continuing water problems.
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1.
Nguyen G. EVALUATING SURFACE WATER QUALITY AND TESTING FREQUENCY IN TIEN AND HAU RIVERS, AN GIANG PROVINCE, USING 10-YEAR MONITORING DATA. journal [Internet]. 25Mar.2020 [cited 25Apr.2024];10(37):78-. Available from: https://journal.tvu.edu.vn/index.php/journal/article/view/379
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Tho University; 2004.
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erosion the vicinity of Vam Nao. Science & Technology Development. 2015;18(M2):13–21.
[3] The Netherlands Delta Development Team. Recommendations Concerning Agricultural Development
with Improved Water Control In The Mekong Delta.
Working paper IV: Hydrology; 1974.
[4] People’s Committee of An Giang province. Report on
the state of environment in five years (2011 -2015) of
An Giang province; 2015.
[5] Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. National State of Environment-Surface Water Quality;
2012.
[6] Dieu HTQ, Phong NH, Hop NV. Study to assess water
quality in Tien river. Journal of Chemistry, Physics
and Biological Analysis. 2016;21(1):38–48.
[7] Zeinalzadeh K, Rezaei E. Determining spatial and
temporal changes of surface water quality using
principal component analysis. Journal of Hydrology:
Regional Studies. 2017;13:1–10.
[8] Chounlamany V, Tanchuling MA, Inoue T. Spatial and temporal variation of water quality of a
segment of Marikina river using multivariate statistical methods. Water Science and Technology.
2017;66(6):1510–1522.
[9] Cho KH, Park Y, Kang JH, Ki SJ, Cha S, Lee
SW, Kim JH. Interpretation of seasonal water quality
variation in the Yeongsan Reservoir, Korea using
multivariate statistical analyses. Water Science &
Technology. 2009;59;2219–2226.
[10] Singh KP, Malik A, Sinha S. Water quality assessment and apportionment of pollution sources
of Gomti river (India) using multivariate statistical
techniques – a case study. Analytica Chimica Acta.
2005;538:355–374.
[11] Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. National technical regulation on surface water quality,
QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT; 2015.
[12] Salah EAM, Turki AM, Othman EMA. Assessment
of water quality of Euphrates River using cluster analysis. Journal of Environmental Protection.
2012;3:162–1633.
[13] Feher IC, Zaharie M, Oprean I. Spatial and seasonal
variation of organic pollutants in surface water using
multivariate statistical techniques. Water Science and
Technology. 2016;74:1726-1735.
[14] Tien DV. Observe some water environmental factors
in the Mekong Delta [Master thesis]. Specialized in
Fisheries University of Agriculture and Forestry Ho
Chi Minh city; 2012.
[15] Ly NHT, Giao NT. Surface water quality in canals
in An Giang province, Viet Nam, from 2009 to 2016.
Journal of Vietnamese Environment. 2018;10(2):113–
119.
[16] Department of Environment and Natural Resources
of Tien Giang. General reports on environmental
monitoring results in 2017; 2018.
[17] Lien NTK, Huy LQ, Oanh DTH, Phu TQ, Ut
VN. Water quality in mainstream and tributaries of
Hau River. Can Tho University Journal of Science.
2016;43:68–79.
[18] Chi DK. Environmental chemistry. Hanoi, Vietnam:
Scientific and Technical Publisher; 2002.
[19] Dien LD, Lan MT, Hung ND. Status of water quality
of canals on Tien and Hau River (2011-2012). Environment Magazine; 2016;7.
[20] Khoa LV. Environment and Pollution. Hanoi, Vietnam: Education Publishing house; 1994.
[21] Varol M, Sen B. Assessment of surface water quality
using multivariate statistical techniques: a case study
of Behrimaz Stream, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2009;159:543–553.
[22] Giap DH, Kunpradid T, Vongsombath C, Loc DTB,
Somany P. Report on the 2008 biomonitoring survey
of the lower Mekong River and selected tributaries.
MRC Technical Paper No.27 Mekong River Commission, Vientiane; 2010.
[23] Giao NT. The use of zoobenthos for the assessment
of water quality in canals influenced by landfilling
and agricultural activity. Journal of Vietnamese Environment. 2019;11(2):33–42.
[24] Ninh PV. Monitoring and evaluating the current state
of the environment in An Giang, Department of
Science, Technology and Environment of An Giang;
1998.
[25] Boyd CE, Green BW. Water quality monitoring in
shrimp farming areas: an example from Honduras,
Shrimp Farming and the Environment, Report prepared under the World Bank, NACA, WWF and FAO
Consortium Program on Shrimp Farming and the
Environment, Auburn, USA; 2002.
[26] Dang NH. Physical-chemical properties of O Mon
river water through Chau Van Liem ward, O Mon
district, Can Tho city. Thesis graduated Environmental and Natural Resource Management. Department
of Agriculture at Can Tho University; 2005.
[27] Boyd CE. Water quality for pond aquaculture. Research and Development Series, International Center
for Aquaculture and Aquatic Environments, Auburn
University; 1998.
[28] Ongley ED. Chapter 12: Water Quality of the Lower
Mekong River. In: Campbell, I.C. (ed.): The Mekong:
Biophysical Environment of an International River
Basin. Academic Press, 4951 Connaught Ave., Montreal, QC, Canada H4V 1X4. 2009:297–320.
[29] Nguyen TT. Fluctuation of water quality on Hau
River [Master’s thesis]. Can Tho University; 2013